Medical radiometry is a perspective direction in the field of diagnosis of diseases entailing the change in the internal tissue temperature,

The pathology is detected by measuring the intensity of natural electromagnetic radiation from patients' internal tissue at microwavw frequencies. The intensity of radiation is proportional to the temperature of tissues.

The internal tissues temperature often changes due to inflammatory processes, change in blood supply or increased cell metabolism during the oncologic transformation of tissues.

Medical radiometry has a number of advantages, such a the fillowing:

•  the early diagnosis of diseases, the possibility to detect pathology of the internal organs noninvasively before the set of structural changes that can be detected;

•  the absolute absence of harm for patients of all ages and with any diseases, as well as for medical stuff;

•  the possibility to conduct the examinations repeatedly (monitoring of treatment);

•  the depth of the abnormality detection is 3 up to 10 cm;

•  the simplicity of the device in handling (the procedure may be conducted by the secondary medical stuff).

The device provides the measurement of the active and reactive (capacitative) components of the conductivity in dual-frequency regime, at the same time f h > f l and the measurements are carried out in extremely low level of measuring power. The devise measures also the temperature of the measuring area.

Technical parameters:

The sensors for conductivity measurements have the forms of disks and needles. The temperature measuring sensor is a needle-type.

The device is developed especially for diagnosis of the patients in sparing regime, when because of the extremely small values of the measuring current the patients are not subjected to the discomfort, as during the measurements the values of the used voltages are lower the threshold of the excitability of nervous system. Besides, the conductivity measurement by a current with the absence of a constant component leads to the improvement of stable indications (the phenomenon of electrolysis is absent).

The device provides the possibility to estimate the level of hydration of individual organs and the whole body by using special computer software, as the hydration serves as a marker of the functional state of an organ and organism. The pathological state of a tissue leads to the increase of its hydration level.

The device serves as a universal instrument for follow and estimate the effectiveness of chemo- and physiotherapeutic treatments.

The device is more effective for cancer diagnosis as it is accompanied by the tissue overhydration.

Figure 1. “ANTEL” device

In accordance with the TCM any condition of the body can be described by means of Qi. Ying Qi (nutrient Qi ) circulates mainly in the Regular Channels. In modern terms it can be correlated to the bodies metabolic activity.

The most informative and popular method of Ying Qi definition is measuring electrical conductivity of the Channels designed by the Japanese doctor Y.Nacatany (method Ryodoraku). By experiments he discovered that measuring conductivity of one point only, provides information about the Qi condition in the whole Regular channel. The main principle of Ryodoraku method is shown at the picture (fig 2).

The software automatically shows points, which are systematically measured. Measurement results are recorded into a RyoTable. The software then calculates an individual norm corridor (light-green). All Channels with a higher measurement than the norm corridor are in Excess condition. All Channels with a lower measurement than the norm corridor are in Deficiency condition.

Figure 3. The “ANTEL” software screen: RyoTable and picture of the measured acupoints

Based on calculations, made from various principles and laws of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the software suggests acupoints (fig. 4/a) or zones (fig. 4/b) suitable for treatment. After activation of the necessary zone at the window “Zones” a doctor has the possibility to visualize the selected zone on the screen (fig. 4/c).

Figure 4. Recommendations for treatment given by “ANTEL” software

The “ 12 Channels ” option is the simplest analysis calculated by the software. It is usually used in case of acute or local disease. Analysis on the base of “5 Elements” law is carried out by the means of “Star” options. One may calculate Yang & Yin channels together or separately – Yang and Yin. In any case the weakest element has a number “1”. Then other elements are compared with the number “1” (fig 5).

Figure 5. “Five Elements”

The “Yang-Yin” analysis includes the comparison of Yang & Yin Channels, Channels of Hands & Feet and also Left & Right branches of the Channels (fig 6).

Figure 6. “Yang & Yin”, “Hand & Foot”, “Left & Right” analysis

In addition the software provides the facility for virtual treatment, so that the doctor can see the expected results in advance and thus make changes to suggested point prescription as required.

In the “Sum” option, all calculated results could be shown as digital data. The difference between Yang-Yin pairs can be calculated in percentage. This gives the doctor an opportunity to statistically prove which signs are typical for a variety of diseases.

For the first time it is possible to carry out scientific studies based on the different laws and principles of Traditional Oriental Medicine.

Figure 1. “AcuVision” device for electro-puncture, air-ion-therapy and visualization of low resistance points.

The skin of the human and animal body is characterized by morphological and functional heterogeneity. In terms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the heterogeneity of skin is described as “Acupoints” and “Channels”.

The basis of the acupoint is formed by the loose connective tissue with a large number of nervous receptors, free nervous endings, a developed vascular system, cell elements containing biologically active substances, and a mass of gap connections (fig. 2/a).

“Channels” can be imagined as a system of “gaps”, which are stretched out along the well know anatomical structures. The surface of the muscles, bones, tendons, vessels and others form the “external walls” of the “channels” (fig 2/b). These “gaps” or “channels” are filled by fibrous connective tissue, electrolytes and structured molecules of water. Impulses of relatively low frequency can be conducted by the nervous system, but high frequency signals generated by cell membrances can be conducted by the “gaps” or wave-guides.

Figure 2. Diagram of acupoints (a) and channels (b).

Physical basis for examination of Ying Qi . Ying Qi (nutrient Qi ) circulates mainly in the Regular Channels. In modern terms it can be correlated to the bodies metabolic activity. Activity of this deep part of the point is reflected on the conductivity of the point “ channel”, as well as conductivity of the point entrance/exit on the skin surface. Measuring conductivity of the points provides definition of the point “ channel's” and Regular channel conductivity.

A special device for visualization of low resistance points, or skin areas, has been developed. Initially an earthed bio-object is placed in an electrostatic field, created by a high-voltage corona discharge. The Electrostatic field intensity is at the maximum in the point (or skin area) of the minimum skin resistance. Luminescence originates in the maximum field intensity points and reflects the functional state of the biological object (fig 3). To enhance the points' luminescence, the analyzed object must be covered by a thin dielectric layer (a paper, cotton fabric, polyester film, etc.).

Figure 3. Physical basis for visualization of low resistance points by “AcuVision” device.

The method of visualization, assesses the functional state of the analyzed biological object, using corporal (channel and out of channel) points, as well as points of various micro-systems (ear, palm, nose, etc.), both on the human or animal skin and on the surface of any plants. The diagnostic value is shown as brightness at the point of luminescence, as well as relaxation time (fig. 4).

Figure 4. Example of “Voll's point” visualization on the left middle finger.

Electro-Therapy by AcuVision . AcuVision device has been developed for visualization of acupoints with low resistance. But it also provides electro-puncture and air-ion-puncture with an individual selection of influence mode.

When positive electrode is applied negative ions and electrons are moved from the patient's body to the AcuVision-device electrode. In this case “sedation” effect can be realized. When negative electrode is applied negative ions and electrons are moved from the AcuVision-device electrode to patient's body. In this case “stimulation” effect can be achieved (fig. 5/b).

The electrical current conducted between patient's body and AcuVision-device is changed depending on acupoints resistance. Usual therapeutic electrical current via the whole patient's body is 30-40 µA (it never exceeds 100 µA). When resistance of the “lowest resistance points” normalises (i.e. increases) electrical current decreases. So, there is a self-regulation of the therapeutic process.

Figure 5. Physical principle of “AcuVision” device action on low resistance points and area.

Without dielectric medium one may apply AcuVision for air-ion puncture (fig 5/a). With dielectric medium AcuVision device is applied to realize effect of electro-puncture, because of the fact, that at the border of dielectric layer and air the process of transformation of the corona discharge into spike discharge takes place (fig. 5/c).

Figure 1. Series of “ARTSAKH” device for EHF-Therapy

Extremely High Frequency (EHF) - Therapy represents a relatively new treatment method based on the various biological effects, produced in any living organisms, by a low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the millimeter (MM) spectrum of waveband. Millimeter waves (MMW) resides between infrared radiation and centimeter radio waves and include frequencies from 30 to 300 GHz or wavelengths from 1 to 10 mm (fig 2/b).

Three types of electromagnetic radiation are used in practice: coherent, which has a fixed frequency and constant phase, and “noise-like” having a broad spectrum, with randomly varying amplitudes and phases, and its combination. MM EMW for medicinal use has low power, 1 to 10 mW

Figure 2. Coherent and “noise-like” radiation spectra of “Artsakh” devices (b). Scheme of EHF irradiation of an “acupoint” (a) and of a reflex zone (c).

Different types of biological effects, observed in MMW application, are the reason that several major methods of EHF – therapy have been developed to date. It is well established today by theoretical, experimental and clinical data, that the exposure point or area, rather than radiation frequency, plays an essential role in the treatments efficiency. High sensitivity of acupoints to MM radiation has been noted, this is probably explained by high hydration at these points.

Millimeter-wave radiation may be used in treatment of Excess and Deficiency type of diseases, as well as those characterized by Heat and Cold syndromes. Modality of the effect is determined by the acupoint exposure time.

Special devices for EHF-puncture named “Artsakh” has been developed and manufactured (fig 1). These devices can be applied for acting either on acupoints: standard meridian and auricular points, extra-points, etc. (fig 2/a) and on various Reflexogenic zones or Tendino-Muscular channels (fig 2/c).

The modes of operation are as follows: fixed frequency, «noise-like» and combined: fixed and noise (fig 2/b), which amplitude can be modulated by internal meander in the rang of 1-99 Hz. Besides this, there is a «wave-swing» modulation in the range of 1 – 99 – 1 – 99 – 1, etc.

Specific sensations or “arrival of Qi ” phenomenon during EHF – Puncture have some peculiarities. Local sensations at the place of EHF-exposure are observed in cases, when there is mainly local disorders. But usually in the beginning of the treatment different sensations moving along the patient's legs, arms, trunk or just along the certain channel (warm, cool, waves, creeps, etc.) appear.

After that the patient experiences various sensations, which reflect the elimination of his initially presented disorders. Some patients experience various “visual sensory reactions” in spite of closed eyes. These sensations could include «seeing changing colours», «appearance of light» or even more complex visual images resembling dreams.

So, EHF-Puncture can stimulate different kinds of “Arrival of Qi ” phenomenon without needle manipulation. During EHF-Puncture sensory response are realized not at the place of MM EMR exposure but at the place of “ Qi ” disorders. During EHF-Puncture only one side of the body should be influenced but sensory response is observed at both sides. Sensory reactions, appearing during EHF-Puncture, help the doctor to quickly study traditional acupuncture theory.

In spite of the fact, that EHF-Puncture declares the same principles as traditional Acupuncture and Moxibustion, we would like to point on the most important properties of this new version of the needles-free influence on acupoints.

1. EHF-Puncture is non-invasive: MM EMR is transmitted to selected acupoints by means of a special dielectric wave-guide and, therefore, there is no problem with sterilization of instruments or danger of bacteria or viruses transmission from one patient to another.

2. EHF-Puncture is painless: this peculiarity is very important during treatment of patients with a high sensitivity to pain.

3. EHF-Puncture is universal: MM EMR can be used to treat “Heat” or “Cold”, “Deficiency” or “Excess” syndromes; the type of response depends on the initial condition of the patient and the exposure time depends on responses of the patient.

4. EHF-Puncture permits one and the same acupoints to be «reinforced» or «dispersed» several times during the same treatment. Each time sensory reactions occur and decrease in intensity from one influence to another.

5. EHF-Puncture can stimulate different kinds of “ Arrival of Qi phenomenon ” without needle manipulation. Sensory reactions may even be observed in paralyzed extremities of patients with injury to the vertebral column.

6. The most important peculiarity of MM waves is their possibility to stimulate specific sensory reactions (phenomenon De Qi ) not at the place of influence but at the place of Qi -disorders directly. So, it can be applied for influence on the corporal traditional acupoints as well as points of different Microsystems: Ear, Palm, Sole, Nose, Pulse, etc.

Thus, EHF-puncture, based on the syndrome approach of traditional Chinese medicine, represents a new and efficient method for treatment of various diseases, including those whose etiology and pathogenesis are unknown, while nosologic diagnosis is difficult to determine and treatment methods are undeveloped.

The pulsed infrared laser irradiation deeply (up to 10-13 cm) penetrates to the tissues and highly stimulates the blood circulation, membrane and cellular metabolism, activates the neurohumoral factors, immune-competent systems, harmonizes hormonal factors of the metabolism.

Clinical effects: activation of protein synthesis (RNA, DNA); activation of enzymes; elevation of APT production; improvement of microcirculation, composition and function of the blood; tissue regeneration; elevation of collagen synthesis; anti-inflammatory effect; anti-edematous effect; analgetic effect; decrease of cholesterol level; stimulation of the factors of specific and non-specific immunity; strong antioxidant effect; elevation of prostaglandin synthesis; decrease of the level of lipid peroxidation.

The pulsed wideband infrared irradiation possesses less penetration ability and more spectral width than the laser. It has a strong harmonizing effect on tone of central and vegetative nervous systems.

Clinical effects: Warming of the tissues structure of the surface layers; effect on receptors located in the skin and elevation of pain threshold; activation of microcirculation; elevation of the penetration of laser irradiation into the tissues.

The magnetic field (60 mG) serves for the creation of the energetic protection of the organism from the harmful effect of the environment, including meteofactors and electromagnetic fields. It allows keeping the ionized molecules of tissues in dissociating state which leads to the increase of the energetic in molecular and cellular level.

Clinical effects: anesthesia; elevation of energetic cellular potential; improvement of tissue trophism; anti-edematous effect.

All the above mentioned factors, acting synergisticly and mutually elevating each other, determine a unique therapeutic effect.

At the same time the quantum energy in the working range of the device doesn't exceed 1,5 eV and it is not enough to disturb the natural processes and break the biopolymer bounds. It provides the absence of the risk of complications, absence of side effects and high level of laser safety.

The penetration depth into the tissue until 10-13 cm determines the technical parameters of the device, in particular the wavelength of the pulsed laser 0,89 mkm. In the nearest infrared range of the spectrum the biological tissues are optically permeable.

The quantity of the absorbed energy (dose) depends on existence and quantity of photoacceptors, i.e. whose structures which are able to absorb the light of the given wavelength.

The flow density of the power in Watt/cm 2 and the energy density in J/cm 2 could be regulated by the frequency choice (5, 50, 1000 or 5000 Hz).

At lower frequencies the less dispersion of the energy in the surface layers is achieved, which provides the maximal penetration of irradiation preserving its characteristics.

Device "Magniter" is intended for rendering the therapeutic influence by a pulsing or alternating low-frequency magnetic field. Device "Magniter" is recommended for use in hospitals, ambulances and in domestic conditions with the purpose of preventive maintenance and treatment of the basic diseases.

"Magniter" is one of the first portable devices of a magnetotherapy which began to be used widely in medical practice. The device "Magniter" has recommended itself as an effective tool for treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases.

Low-frequency magnetotherapy is possible to relate to methods of regenerative medicine, possessing the following advantages:

• the long period of medical aftereffects;

• gradual accumulation of therapeutic effects at carrying out of repeated courses of treatment;

• a wide spectrum of mechanisms of medical action.

Simplicity in application makes the device "Magniter" accessible to the broad audience of consumers.

For treatment of children the mode of small intensity of a magnetic field - 10 mT is stipulated. Medical procedures with the purpose of preventive maintenance and treatment of various diseases at children can be begun at 3 years old.

Clinical trials have shown that the medical efficiency of the device is 85-90 %.

This approach has proved highly effective in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, including pathologies of digestive, respiratory, cardio-vascular and nervous systems. It has been successfully applied in podiatry, dermatology, psychiatry and other fields. “Home use” version of device can be applied for pain-relief and anti-stress purpose.

A variety of normal biological responses and adaptation mechanisms are involved in the therapeutic processes during AcuScen therapy. AcuScen has anti-inflammatory, anti -oedema , anti-allergic, pain-relieving effects; and it can stimulate or sedate aspects of immune and endocrine system functioning, as well as normalising microcirculation, and metabolism. It has important effects on the production of endorphins, P-substance, and neuropeptides.

AcuScen technology delivers a bi-polar electrical impulse, which resembles the natural impulses of the neural cells. The operator can modify the amplitude, frequencies, and form of the impulse.

AcuScen generates impulses, measures skin impedance and can automatically adjust the subsequent impulse, so that a form of biofeedback can take place during treatment.

Parameters of the electrical pulses available by “ AcuScen ” (AUTO + MANUAL) and “ AcuScen Pro ” (AUTO + MANUAL + SCAN) apparatus

Example of AcuScen therapy of the patient suffering from Varicose veins: Monitoring the therapy has been done with the Infrared imagine system

Absolute temperature value at the analyzed points (1) – (2) – (3), C o :

On the basis of analysis of thermo and impedance topographic data the software allows to determine the carcinogenetic potential of tissue and organism, stage of carcinogenesis and to follow the therapeutic processes.

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